Combined road grader and scraper.



No. 694,963. Patented Mar. II, I902.

- S. 0. HAYS.

COMBINED ROAD GRADER AND SDBAPER.

A pneaci med Sept. 9, 1901.

(No Model.)

the indicated line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUELL O. HAYS, OF TRIPLETT, MISSOURI.

COMBINED ROAD GRADER AND SCRAPER.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 694,963, dated March 11,1902.

' Application filed September 9, 1901. Serial No. 74,736. (roman To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUELL O. HAYS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Triplett, in the county of Ghariton and State of Missouri,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined RoadGrader and Scraper, of which the following is a specification.

The objects of my invention are to provide a machine for this purpose ofsimple, durable, and inexpensive construction that when used as a gradermay carry with it a compara tivelylarge quantity of earth and may bereadily moved laterally, so as to deposit the earth in depressions inthe ground-surface that cannot be advantageously reached bywheel-graders.

A further object is to provide a device of the class that may beadvantageously used as a road-scraper to accomplish all of the, resultsof which an ordinary wheel-scraper is capable,

and in addition thereto to provide a combined grader and scraper thatmaybe turned around in a comparatively small space and that will leavethe earth deposited by it when used as a grader in a smooth and regularmanner.

A further object is to provide a device of this class that may beadapted for use in work ing ground-surface of different degrees ofhardness-that is to say, in working veryhard ground the pointed end ofthe scraper may be used partially as a plow and thescraperblade extendedat an acute angle relative to the line of advance, and when used inconnection with ground that is less tightly packed the scraper maybeextended at an angle more nearly approaching a right angle relative tothe line of advance, so that a large amount of earth of this class maybe. handled.

My invention consists in certain details in the construction,arrangement, and combination of the various parts of the device, wherebythe objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully setforth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in .which- Figure 1 shows top or plan view of the completemachine adapted for use as a roadscraper. Fig. 2 shows a verticaltransverse sectional View, on an enlarged scale, through Fig. 3 shows inside elevation the caster-wheel for supporting the rear end of themachine-frame,

I have used the reference-numeral 10 to indicate the body portion of themachine. This body portion is preferably made of wood substantiallyoblong in transverse section, its major axis being in a vertical plane.Attached to the front lower edge of this body portion 10 is ascraper-blade 11, preferably curved forwardly a slight degree at itslower edge and also dull at its lower edge. At one end of the part 10 isa metal point 12, sharpened at its lower edge.

The reference numeral 13 indicates a supporting-beam fixed at one end tothe endportion of the body 10 and extended at an acute anglerelative tothe said body portion. At its rear end is a swiveled caster-wheel frame14, having a comparatively wide space between its arms. The caster-wheel15 is pivoted between these arms, and both of its peripheral edges arebeveled, so as to form a sharp edge at its periphery, and the said wheel15 is of such dimension that a comparatively large space is left betweenthe wheel 15 and the arms 14:. This construction prevents clogging ofearth between the wheel and its supporting-frame and also prevents sidemovements or slipping'of the wheel. 7

The numeral 16 indicates a brace connecting the end portions of the body10 and the beam 13. (3n top of the central portion of the body portion10 is an upright board 17 to prevent earth from passing through the topof the body portion. Fixed to the rear surface of the body portion 10,near its free end, is a frame 18, having pivoted therein a block 19,designed to receive a bar 20, vertically adjustable therein by means ofa set-screw 21 and curved upwardly andforwardl y and then downwardly andterminating some distance in advance of the body portion in a loop 22.This bar when notin use is swung to a position parallel with and to reston top of the body portion 10, where it may be securely held in positionby means of the pin 23, which passes through the loop 22. Pivoted to theopposite end portion of the body 10 is a bar 24, connected therewith bya pin 25, so that it may be detached, if desired. At the outer end ofthe bar 24 is a loop 26, and a chain 27 connects the loop 26 with theloop 22, and a chain 28 is attached to the loop 26 and is alsodetachably connected with a whiffletree 29. At the pointed end portionof the body 10 a hook or staple 30 is provided in the front thereof, towhich a chain 31 is attached, and this chain is also connected with thewhifiietree 32. Near the otherend of the body portion 10 is a hook orstaple 33, similar to the staple 30, and for the purpose of attachingthe chain 28 thereto when the device is used as a grader.

Assuming that. the device is to be used in the manner of an ordinaryroad-scraper, the partsare arranged as shown in Fig. 1, one or moredraft-animals connected with the whiffletree 32, and one or moreindependent draft-- animals being connected with the whiffletree 29.Then as the machine is advanced over the ground-surface it is obviousthat the caster-wheel will support the body port-ion in position, andthe blade will serve the same function as in an ordinary scraper, movingthe earth to the rear end of the body portion and filling up thedepressions in the ground-surface over which it passes. The independentteam of draft-animals are preferably driven abreast, and obviously whenit is desired to pass around stumps or stones in the groundsurface theymay be readily driven in such manner as to cause the machine to passaround such obstructions, and the scraper can operate much closer to thestump or other obstruction than is possible in the ordinarywheel-scraper. Furthermore, assuming that it is desired to move thesurface of the ground laterally to a considerable extent in onedirection only the brace 24 and curved arm 20 are dispensed with and thechain 28 is attached direct with the hook 33, or possibly it may beattached to the loop 22 of the arm 20. Then as the scraperis advancedover the ground-surface, going in the same direction ,the ground isthrown laterally a distance corresponding to the width of the pathcovered by the body portion of the machine. When the end is reached, themachine is partially turned around, so that the end of the body portionto which the arm 20 is attached first engages the ground that had beenpiled up by the first operation of the scraper,and then the scraperbodyis made to extend at such an angle that the land will be moved laterallyin the same direction as it was by the first movement of the scraper.This is done by simply adjusting the lengths of the chains 28 and 31 orby permitting one of the independent teams of draft-animals to advancesome distance in the rear of the other team. This result has been foundin many instances to be highly advantageous and obviously cannot beaccomplished by the use of the ordinary wheelscraper.

lVhen it is desired to use the device as a grader,tthe arm 20 and thebrace 24 are either dispensed with or may rest on top of the bodyportion 10, and the chains 28 and 31 are hooked direct to the hooks orstaples 33 and 30, and the draft-animals are then abreast of each other,so that the body portion stands at right angles to the line of advance.Obviously the ground-surface is carried with the grader as it isadvanced, and a considerable quantitymay be thus carried, because of theboard 17 at the top of the body portion and, further, because the chainsserve, to a certain extent, to prevent the ground from moving laterallypast the ends of the body portion. "When it is desired to dump thegrader,the operator sim ply grasps the handle at the rear end of thearm- 13 and elevates same, whereupon the entire machine tilts overforwardly and the ground is dumped and at the same time is smoothed bythe body portion. Another material advantage that may be attained by theuse of my machine is that it may be turned around in a very small spaceby simply unhitching one of the teams of draft-animals and permittingthe other to drag the machine back to its starting position.Furthermore, in carrying the ground to dump it over an embankment mymachine is especially advantageous, because the draft-animals may beadvanced direct toward the bank and then separated and the teams drivenin opposite directions,- thus bringing the scraper with its load ofearth close to the edge of the bank, whereupon the operator may dump theground over the bank. Then one team may be unhitched and the otherpermitted to drag the.

machine back to its starting-point. Furthermore, when the device is inuse either as a grader or scraper the operator may readily move itlaterally to a degree required for avoiding obstructions or for dumpingpart or all of the ground carried by the machine into the depressions ofthe ground-surface over which the draft-animals themselves could notpass and which therefore could not be reached by the use of the ordinarywheel-scraper.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States therefore is- 1. An improved roadgrader and scraper comprising a straight body portion to engage theground-surface, means for attaching independent teams of draft-animalsto the opposite end portions of the body, said means for attaching beingadjustable as to length so that the teams may advance abreast and eitherend of the body portion stand in the rear of the other end or so thatthe body portion may stand at right angles to the line of advance, a barprojecting rearwardly from the body portion and a caster-wheel swiveledin said bar, for the purposes stated.

2. An improved combined road grader and scraper comprising incombination a body por tion having a sharp metallic point at one end anda metal blade at its front edge, a bar projecting rearwardly therefrom,a caster-wheel swiveled to the .rear end of said baigmeans for attachinga team of draft-animals to the end of the body carrying the pointedprojec tion, a brace 2a pivoted to the body portion near the end havingthe pointed projection and projecting at an acute angle from the bodyportion, a chain or its equivalent attached to the said brace, and awhifiietree connected therein, and means for connecting the outer end ofthe brace with the other end. of the body portion, for the purposesstated.

3. An improved combined road grader and scraper, comprising incombination a body portion, a metal blade fixed to the lower forwardedge thereof, a sharp metal point at one end of the body portion, a barfixed to the end of the body portion having the sharpened pointand-projecting rearwardly at an acute angle relative to thebody portionand having a handle at its rear end, a caster-Wheel swiveled in the rearend portion ofthe said bar, a bar connecting the rear end of the saidbar and the body portion,hooks and staples fixed to the front face ofthebody portion rear face of the body'portion at the end opposite from thepointed projection, an arm swiveled in said bracket and projectingupwardly overthe body portion and in front of it, albrace pivoted to thebody portion near its pointed end and projecting forwardly from the bodyportion at an acute angle relative thereto, means for detachablyconnecting the 'outer end of said brace with the said arm, a

chain or the like adjustable as to length and 7 detachably connectedwith the hook or staple near the pointed end ofthe body portion andhaving a Whiffletree connected therewith, a chain or the like adjustableas "to length and detachably connectedwith the said brace and having aWhifdetree comiected therewith,'ar ranged and combinedin the manner setforth and for the purposes stated. SAMUELL O HAYS.

Witnesses: 3 Y

T. W. SANDERS, W J SENEKERa

